Optimization of Potassium Carbonate-based DES as Catalyst in the Production of Biodiesel via Transesterification

Abdulwasiu Abdurrahman; Saidu Muhammad  Waziri; Olusegun Ayoola  Ajayi; Fadimatu Nyako Dabai

doi:10.46481/jnsps.2023.1048

Authors

Abdulwasiu Abdurrahman
[email protected]
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Saidu Muhammad Waziri Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Olusegun Ayoola Ajayi Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Fadimatu Nyako Dabai Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Abuja, Nigeria

Keywords:

deep eutectic solvent, fatty acid methyl ester, Jatropha curcas oil, potassium carbonate, transesterification

Abstract

Increasing energy demand necessitates the production of sustainable fuels, which can be in the form of bio-fuels. One of such bio-fuels is biodiesel, which is typically produced via transesterification. The development of homogeneous catalyst that is relatively easy to synthesize, cheap, reusable, and environmentally friendly, is a major issue in transesterification reaction. The use of Deep eutectic solvent (DES) as catalyst, is believed to be a significant step in the direction of attaining a sustainable bio-economy. In this study, deep eutectic solvent was synthesized from different mole ratios of K2CO3/glycerol. The synthesized DES was used as catalyst in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to determine the factors that significantly affect the biodiesel yield. Optimum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 98.2845% was achieved at optimum conditions of 1:32.58 mole ratio of K2CO3/glycerol, 8.96% w/w concentration of DES, and 69.58 minutes. GC-MS analysis revealed that the produced biodiesel contained 98.87% ester content. The properties of the biodiesel produced were characterized and found to agree with those of ASTM D6751-12 standard. Thus, suggesting the synthesized DES is a promising catalyst in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil.

Dimensions

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