Optimization of Potassium Carbonate-based DES as Catalyst in the Production of Biodiesel via Transesterification

Authors

  • Abdulwasiu Abdurrahman Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  • Saidu Muhammad Waziri Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  • Olusegun Ayoola Ajayi Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
  • Fadimatu Nyako Dabai Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Abuja, Nigeria

Keywords:

deep eutectic solvent, fatty acid methyl ester, Jatropha curcas oil, potassium carbonate, transesterification

Abstract

Increasing energy demand necessitates the production of sustainable fuels, which can be in the form of bio-fuels. One of such bio-fuels is biodiesel, which is typically produced via transesterification. The development of homogeneous catalyst that is relatively easy to synthesize, cheap, reusable, and environmentally friendly, is a major issue in transesterification reaction. The use of Deep eutectic solvent (DES) as catalyst, is believed to be a significant step in the direction of attaining a sustainable bio-economy. In this study, deep eutectic solvent was synthesized from different mole ratios of K2CO3/glycerol. The synthesized DES was used as catalyst in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to determine the factors that significantly affect the biodiesel yield. Optimum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 98.2845% was achieved at optimum conditions of 1:32.58 mole ratio of K2CO3/glycerol, 8.96% w/w concentration of DES, and 69.58 minutes. GC-MS analysis revealed that the produced biodiesel contained 98.87% ester content. The properties of the biodiesel produced were characterized and found to agree with those of ASTM D6751-12 standard. Thus, suggesting the synthesized DES is a promising catalyst in the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil.

Dimensions

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Published

2023-01-21

How to Cite

Optimization of Potassium Carbonate-based DES as Catalyst in the Production of Biodiesel via Transesterification. (2023). Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 5(1), 1048. https://doi.org/10.46481/jnsps.2023.1048

Issue

Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2023

Section

Original Research
Copyright & Licensing

Copyright (c) 2023 Abdulwasiu Abdurrahman, Saidu Muhammad Waziri, Olusegun Ayoola Ajayi, Fadimatu Nyako Dabai

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Optimization of Potassium Carbonate-based DES as Catalyst in the Production of Biodiesel via Transesterification. (2023). Journal of the Nigerian Society of Physical Sciences, 5(1), 1048. https://doi.org/10.46481/jnsps.2023.1048