Volume 8, Issue 4, November 2026

An investigation was conducted on the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using aqueous Telfairia occidentalis leaf extract as both the reducing and stabilizing agent. Following preliminary …

The adverse effects associated with conventional cancer therapies have intensified the search for anticancer agents with fewer side effects. One approach involves the synthesis of organotin(IV) …

Three Schiff base ligands derived from condensation of ethylenediamine with benzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, and vanillin, namely (1E,1'E)-N,N'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1-phenylmethanimine) (BBE), …

Conversational agents for low-resource languages (LRLs), such as Igbo, face major challenges, including limited annotated data, code-switching, and weak contextual coherence in multi-turn dialogue. This …

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) standardizes connections between large language model applications and external tools and data. Its capability negotiation, dynamic discovery, insertion of tool results …

Nigeria faces challenges in the accurate diagnosis of respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), pneumonia, and COVID-19 because of limited radiology resources and stringent patient-privacy …

This study evaluates an explainable ensemble in which Convolutional Neural Network and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory feature extractors feed a Random Forest classifier, applied under one …

Plant diseases threaten agricultural productivity, and automated image analysis can support early identification of visible disease symptoms. This study introduces HybOptic-CNN, a convolutional neural …

Reservoir development in the Niger Delta is affected by geological uncertainties arising from complex stratigraphic architecture, high-frequency sea-level changes, fault-controlled subsidence, and variable …

Accurate forecasting of infectious disease spread is essential for public health decision-making. This study compares mechanistic susceptible-exposed-infectious-removed (SEIR) models, machine-learning …

Network-security planning frequently depends on judgments that are imprecise, incomplete, and sometimes internally conflicting. Conventional numerical decision models are effective when assessments are …

This paper proposes a new ranked set sampling (RSS) design, termed modified neoteric RSS (MNRSS), for efficient estimation of the population mean and variance. The proposed method extends the neoteric RSS …

A fresh class of hybrid special polynomials, termed the Bell-enriched Appell-lambda-polynomials, is constructed through the discrete convolution of Bell-based lambda-polynomials with the Appell sequence. A …

Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled telemedicine platform selection involves multiple conflicting criteria and uncertain expert judgments. Conventional multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches …

The principal objective of this article is to establish new and refined variants of Hermite--Hadamard- and Fej'{e}r-type integral inequalities in the interval-valued setting by exploiting the auxiliary …

The spanning tree of a graph is obtained when all vertices of a graph are connected in such a way that no cycle is formed. This work proposes a new algorithm that, at each round, selects a maximal …

This article introduces a new concept of complex single-valued neutrosophic sets (CSVNS) and explores their basic set-theoretic characteristics. Based on this framework, an approach to visual analytics …

Skewed distributions have an additional shape parameter that represents the direction of the asymmetry in the density. If skewness in observations is ignored, statistical inferences based on symmetric …

With the ongoing expansion of healthcare services, the amount of medical waste (MW) has been rising steadily, placing increasing pressure on environmental systems and public health. Identifying an …

This study investigates the existence, uniqueness, and Ulam--Hyers stability of solutions to nonlinear fractional differential equations (NFDEs) involving the Caputo fractional derivative. We extend and …

This article develops a factorization-based operator framework for two-variable discrete Gould--Hopper--Appell polynomials within  Delta_(delta) -calculus. Following the Infeld--Hull factorization …

When strong causality fails, the Alexandrov topology of a spacetime is strictly coarser than the manifold topology. Since pathologies confined to sets of measure zero are routinely disregarded in …

For a finite commutative ring R, the nil clean graph G_N(R) is the undirected simple graph with the  elements of R as its vertex set, where two distinct vertices x and y are …

This study evaluates the relative operational efficiency of the eleven legacy Nigerian electricity distribution companies (DisCos) over 2018--2025 using an integrated Data Envelopment Analysis …

In this study, we analyze a cosmological model based on Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy (THDE) in Kaluza--Klein (KK) spacetime within f(R,T) gravity. Exact solutions to the field …